a Belgian chemist, industrialist and philanthropist.

a Slovenian-Austrian chemist and physician

a British physician and scientist who pioneered the concept of vaccines including creating the smallpox vaccine, the world's first ever vaccine

a British chemist and physicist who won the Nobel Prize for his discovery, by means of his mass spectrograph, of isotopes in many non-radioactive elements

a Portuguese poet, writer, and philosopher, described as one of the most significant literary figures of the 20th century and one of the greatest poets in the Portuguese language.

a German inventor and mechanical engineer who is famous for having invented the diesel engine, which burns diesel fuel; both are named after him.