a Dutch botanist, chemist, Christian humanist, and physician, regarded as the founder of the modern academic hospital and is sometimes referred to as "the father of physiology,"

a Scottish natural historian and marine zoologist. He served as the chief scientist on the Challenger expedition; his work there revolutionized oceanography and led to his knighthood.

a Dutch landscape painter. The scope of his landscape subjects was very broad as he painted forest landscapes, winter landscape, cityscapes, architectural views and landscapes with peasants.

a French artist, who spent most of her working life in Paris. She trained in Russia and Germany before moving to France and expanding her practice to include textile, fashion, and set design.

a playwright and writer of the Russian Enlightenment, one of the founders of literary comedy in Russia.

a German astronomer. He is known for his determinations of stellar brightnesses, positions, and distances