a German mathematician, who is considered to be one of the founders of modern topology and who contributed to set theory, descriptive set theory, measure theory, and functional analysis.

a French novelist, art theorist, and minister of cultural affairs.

a German organic chemist who demonstrated the existence of macromolecules, which he characterized as polymers.

a Polish American physical chemist of Polish-Jewish origin, a pioneer in the science of radioactivity and the discoverer of chemical element protactinium

a British chemist best known for his groundbreaking work on ascorbic acid (vitamin C) while working at the University of Birmingham

a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology