an English astronomer, physicist, and mathematician. He was also a philosopher of science and a popularizer of science.

a French astronomer, director of the Meudon and Paris Observatories, who carried out intensive studies on the behavior of the atmosphere of the Sun.

a biologist, mathematician, Augustinian friar and abbot of St. Thomas' Abbey. He gained posthumous recognition as the founder of the modern science of genetics

a Hungarian physician and scientist, He discovered that the incidence of puerperal fever ("childbed fever") could be drastically reduced by requiring hand disinfection in obstetrical clinics

a Polish and naturalized-French physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity.

a writer, essayist, philosopher, historian and playwright born in Bergen, Norway, during the time of the Dano-Norwegian dual monarchy.