a French historian and an author on other topics whose major work was a history of France and its culture

a Spanish Jesuit and baroque prose writer and philosopher. He was born in Belmonte, near Calatayud (Aragon). His writings were lauded by Schopenhauer and Nietzsche

a French artist, painter, sculptor and co-founder of Fauvism with Henri Matisse

an English physicist, chemist, and inventor. responsible for developing and supplying the first incandescent lights used to illuminate homes and public buildings

a French mathematician who made numerous contributions to mathematics. Well-known and important concepts such as the Legendre polynomials and Legendre transformation are named after him.

a Dutch botanist and one of the first geneticists. He is known chiefly for suggesting the concept of genes, rediscovering the laws of heredity while apparently unaware of Gregor Mendel's work