a French astronomer and priest principally notable for his accurate measure of the size of the Earth, based on a careful survey of one degree of latitude along the Paris Meridian

an English poet and dramatist and member of the Scriblerus Club. He is best remembered for The Beggar's Opera (1728), a ballad opera

a British physician and scientist who pioneered the concept of vaccines including creating the smallpox vaccine, the world's first ever vaccine

a main founder of zoology and anthropology as comparative, scientific disciplines

an English portrait and landscape painter, draughtsman, and printmaker

a German physician and botanist. His chief notability is as the author of a large book about plants and their uses as medicines, a herbal, which was first published in 1542 in Latin.