a French mechanical engineer in the French Army, military scientist and physicist, and often described as the "father of thermodynamics."

a Swedish chemist considered, along with Robert Boyle, John Dalton, and Antoine Lavoisier, to be one of the founders of modern chemistry.

a French author who wrote works of fiction mostly set in the Provence region of France

a French post-impressionist painter in the Naïve or Primitive manner. He was also known as Le Douanier (the customs officer), a humorous description of his occupation as a toll and tax collector

an English mathematician, known for working closely with Isaac Newton by proofreading the second edition of his famous book, the Principia, before publication

an Italian (naturalised French) mathematician, astronomer and engineer.